牛蒡子脱脂工艺的研究

Study on Defatting Technology of Fructus Arctii

关键词:  牛蒡子  超临界CO2萃取  脱脂  均匀设计  GC-MS

Key words:  Fructus Arctii  supercritical CO2 extraction  defatting  uniform design  GC-MS

摘要:

目的 研究超临界CO2萃取牛蒡子最佳脱脂工艺及其油脂的化学成分。方法 采用均匀设计法以萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间为因素，考察超临界CO2萃取牛蒡子的最佳脱脂工艺条件，并对该工艺条件进行了中试验证；对牛蒡子超临界萃取油进行GC-MS分析。结果 最佳脱脂工艺为萃取压力32 Mpa、萃取温度48 ℃、萃取时间40 min，且中试验证的萃取物平均萃取率为6.44%，牛蒡子苷元平均萃取率为0.21%；萃取油共分离出32个化学成分，主要成分为亚油酸。结论 采用均匀设计法可以快速、准确地确定超临界CO2萃取技术对牛蒡子进行脱脂的最佳工艺。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To study the optimum parameters of defatting technology of Fructus Arctii by the supercritical CO2 fluid and chemical constituents. METHODS Supercritical CO2 fluid extraction condition was selected by uniform design. The extraction pressure, extraction temperature, extraction time were three factors in the experiment. The oil was analyzed by GC-MS. RESULTS The optimum conditions were obtained: the extraction pressure was 32 Mpa, the extraction temperature was 40 ℃, and the extraction time was 40 minutes. In the pilot test the overall yield was 6.44% and the extracting rate of Arctigenin was 0.21%. 32 chemical constituents were separated from the oil and the major component is octadecadienoic acid. CONCLUSION Uniform design can optimize the CO2 supercritical fluid extraction process quickly and accurately with satisfactory results.