细胞衰老在阿尔茨海默病发病机制及防治中的作用研究进展

Research Progress of Role of Cellular Senescence in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

关键词:  细胞衰老  阿尔茨海默病  衰老相关分泌表型  衰老相关的半乳糖苷酶  脂褐素

Key words:  cell senescence  Alzheimer’s disease  senescence-associated secretory phenotype  senescence-associated β-galactosidase  lipofuscin

摘要:

衰老是导致神经退行性疾病发生的最重要因素。细胞衰老会导致细胞和分子损伤的累积，从而引发机体整体修复机制的失败，最终导致了机体的老化。已有研究结果表明，星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞祖细胞、少突胶质细胞、神经干细胞、神经元以及内皮细胞、先天免疫细胞和适应性免疫细胞的衰老在神经退行性疾病阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease，AD)的发病机制中发挥重要作用，通过清除衰老细胞、调节衰老相关的分泌表型可有效改善AD。本文综述细胞衰老在AD发病机制中的作用，及针对其细胞衰老的治疗研究进展，以期为进一步揭示AD发病机制和研发防治药物提供参考。

Abstract:

Senescence is the most important factor that leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Cellular senescence will cause the accumulation of cellular and molecular damage, which leads to the failure of the overall repair of the body, ultimately leading to the failure of the body’s aging. Many studies showed that senescence plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD), such as the senescence of astrocyte, microglia, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell, oligodendrocyte, neural stem cell, neurons and endothelial cell, innate immune cell and adaptive immune cell. It is beneficial for AD therapy to eliminate senescent cells and to regulate senescence-related secretory phenotypes. This paper reviewed the role of cell senescence in the pathogenesis of AD and the research progress in the treatment of cell senescence. This may provide clues for further revealing the pathogenesis and studying the prevention and treatment of AD.