质谱在蛋白质生物标志物发现中的应用策略

Application Strategy of Mass Spectrometry in Protein Biomarker Discovery

关键词:  质谱  蛋白质  生物标志物  应用

Key words:  mass spectrometry  protein  biomarkers  application

摘要:

生物标志物是可被客观测量并能用于评价正常生物过程、病理过程及治疗反应的指标。生物标志物的发现是对其研究的第一步，其实质就是筛选出在不同的生物学状态或进程中的差异化物质。在这一阶段中，分析策略所考虑的重点是高通量化和定性(和/或半定量)性能。目前，生物标志物研究的热点已转移至蛋白质层面上。在蛋白质生物标志物的发现中，质谱以不同的策略和方式得到了广泛的应用，并仍在不断进步中。本文对蛋白质生物标志物的发现过程中常用的及新型的质谱应用策略进行了归纳阐述。

Abstract:

Biomarkers are characteristics that can be objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. The discovery of biomarkers is the first step in its research. Its essence is to screen out differentiated substances in different biological states or processes. In this phase, the analysis strategy focuses on high-throughput quantitative and qualitative (and/or semi quantitative) performance. Currently, the focus of biomarker research has shifted to the protein level. In the discovery of protein biomarkers, mass spectrometry has been widely used in different strategies and ways, and is still making progress. This review summarizes the common and new mass spectrometry application strategies in the discovery process of protein biomarkers.