天麻中9种成分的含量测定及野生与栽培品的差异成分分析

Content Determination of Nine Components in Gastrodiae Rhizoma and Analysis of Different Components Between Wild and Cultivated Species

关键词:  天麻  成分  含量测定  野生品  栽培品  差异成分

Key words:  Gastrodiae Rhizoma  component  assay  wild species  cultivated species  different component

摘要:

目的 采用HPLC建立同时测定天麻中9种成分含量的方法，并结合化学模式识别技术，分析可区分野生和栽培天麻的差异成分。方法 采用Phenomenex C₁₈色谱柱，以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水为流动相进行梯度洗脱，以270 nm为检测波长，流速为1.0 mL·min^–1，对20批野生和栽培天麻中的天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇、对羟基苯甲醛、巴利森苷A、巴利森苷B、巴利森苷C、巴利森苷E、原儿茶酸、香兰素共9种成分进行含量测定，并采用主成分分析(principal component analysis，PCA)和偏最小二乘法-判别分析(partial least squares-discriminant analysis，PLS-DA)筛选可区分野生和栽培天麻的差异成分。结果 9种成分在各自的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系，相关系数r≥0.999 0，平均加样回收率在97.65%~99.49%，RSD在1.01%~2.19%；不同批次天麻中9种成分含量差异较大，其中野生品中天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇、原儿茶酸、香兰素、对羟基苯甲醛含量均明显高于栽培品；构建的PCA模型可将野生和栽培天麻分为两大类，PLS-DA分析筛选出可区分野生和栽培天麻的3个差异成分，分别为对羟基苯甲醛、原儿茶酸和香兰素。结论 建立的测定方法重复性好，专属性强，稳定可行，同时确定了可区分野生与栽培天麻的3个差异成分，为天麻的质量控制提供依据。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for simultaneous determination of nine components in Gastrodiae Rhizoma by HPLC,and to analyze the different components between wild and cultivated Gastrodiae Rhizoma by chemical pattern recognition technology.METHODS Gradient elution was carried out on Phenomenex C₁₈ column using acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid water as mobile phase.The detection wavelength was set at 270 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1.The contents of gastrodin,p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol,p-hydroxybenzaldehyde,parisin A,parisin B,parisin C,parisin E,protocatechuic acid and vanillic aldehyde in 20 batches of wild and cultivated Gastrodiae Rhizoma were determined.Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to screen the difference components between wild and cultivated Gastrodiae Rhizoma.RESULTS The linearity of the nine components in the concentration range was good,the correlation coefficient r ≥ 0.999 0.The average recoveries were 97.65%-99.49% and RSD was 1.01%-2.19%.The contents of 9 components in different batches of Gastrodiae Rhizoma were significantly different,among which the contents of gastrodin,p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol,protocatechuic acid,vanillic aldehyde and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde in wild varieties were significantly higher than those in cultivated varieties.PCA model was established to classify wild and cultivated Gastrodiae Rhizoma into two categories.PLS-DA analysis screened out 3 different components that could distinguish wild and cultivated Gastrodiae Rhizoma,namely,p-hydroxybenzaldehyde,protocatechuic acid and vanillic aldehyde.CONCLUSION The established method has good repeatability,specificity,stability and feasibility,and 3 components which can distinguish wild and cultivated Gastrodiae Rhizoma are confirmed,providing basis for quality control of Gastrodiae Rhizoma.