五加科法定药用植物基原考证

Textual Research on the Legal Medicinal Plants of Araliaceae

关键词:  法定药用植物|五加科|五加属|人参属|植物基原考证

Key words:  legal medicinal plants|Araliaceae|Acanthopanax|Panax|textual research on plant origin

摘要:

目的 厘清由于五加科法定药用植物形态相似，过渡类型较多，分类系统又多变化等原因引起的基原混乱情况。方法 查询国家和各省市自治区的药材标准，找出收载来源于五加科植物的药材，对原植物基原有疑问的种类，从植物系统分类、分类群等级和种鉴定等各方面进行考证。结果 发现国家和地方标准收载的药材中，来源于五加科法定药用植物共10属32种9变种，其中基原鉴定清晰，分类无争议，中文名和拉丁学名无混淆的12种，由于分类系统变化、种等级分类群划分和种鉴定、归并的意见分歧导致种中文名或拉丁学名混淆的20种9变种。结论 五加科尤其是五加属、人参属和楤木属法定药用植物基原比较混乱，经过考证研究，厘清了问题，提出了合理的解决方法，使该科法定药用植物能正本清源。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To clarify the origin of the legal medicinal plants of Araliaceae which was made some chaos because of the morphological similarity, more transition types and change of classification system. METHODS Query for Chinese crude drug standards of state, various provinces and autonomous regions to find out the species with confusion in species from Araliaceae, and made textual research on plant taxonomy, classification groups species identification and so on. RESULTS In Chinese crude drug standards of state, various provinces and autonomous regions, it contained 10 genera, 32 species, 9 varietas original plants from Araliaceae, including 12 species without confusion in species identification and Chinese or Latin names, 20 species and 9 varietas with confusion of Chinese and Latin names due to the change of classification system and taxonomic grade or incorrect species identification. CONCLUSION Although there are some confusion in the origin of legal medicinal plants from Araliaceae, especially in Acanthopanax Miq., Panax Linn. and Aralia Linn., the problems are clarified and reasonable solutions are put forward to make the legal medicinal plants in Araliaceae clear after textual research.