基于模拟炮制技术的高乌头炮制过程中主要生物碱含量动态变化研究

Study on the Dynamic Change of Main Alkaloids Content in Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Processing Based on the Simulated Processing Technology

关键词:  高乌头  甘草汁  高乌甲素  冉乌头碱  模拟炮制  UPLC-QTOF-MS

Key words:  Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai  liquorice juice  lappaconitine  ranaconitine  simulation processing  UPLC-QTOF-MS

摘要:

目的 探讨甘草汁蒸制高乌头过程中主要生物碱含量动态变化规律。方法 将高乌头加甘草汁和不加甘草汁分别蒸制0，0.5，1，2，3，4，5 h，干燥处理，采用HPLC测定高乌头不同炮制品中高乌甲素、冉乌头碱以及新增成分的含量；采用高乌甲素和冉乌头碱对照品进行模拟炮制；采用制备液相分离新增成分并结合NMR及UPLC-QTOF-MS进行鉴定。结果 高乌头加或不加甘草汁蒸制过程中，随蒸制时间的延长，高乌甲素和冉乌头碱含量明显降低，同时产生2个新峰(峰1，峰2)，其含量明显增加，说明新增成分和甘草汁无关，而与蒸制处理有关，对比不加甘草汁蒸制，加甘草汁蒸制后毒-效成分高乌甲素和冉乌头碱含量降低幅度适中，说明加甘草汁比不加甘草汁蒸制合理；模拟炮制结果显示，炮制过程中高乌甲素和冉乌头碱含量逐渐降低；经鉴定新增成分(峰2)为5-羟基甲糖醛。结论 高乌头炮制后主要生物碱成分发生了较大变化，可能与加甘草汁蒸制“减毒存效”密切相关。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To explore the dynamic changes of main alkaloids in the processing process of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai prepared by liquorice juice. METHODS Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai with or without liquorice juice were steaming for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h, respectively, and then dried. HPLC was used to determine the content of lappaconitine, ranaconitine and new components in different processed products of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai. The simulated processing was carried out with the reference substance of lappaconitine and ranaconitine. The new components were separated by preparative liquid and analyzed by NMR and UPLC-QTOF-MS. RESULTS With the extension of steaming time, the content of lappaconitine and ranaconitine decreased significantly during the steaming Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai with or without liquorice juice, and two new peaks(peak 1 and peak 2) were produced and their content increased observably, this indicated that the new compounds were not related to licorice juice, only related to steaming process. Compared with the steaming process without liquorice juice, the contents of toxic and effective components lappaconitine and ranaconitine decreased moderately steamed with liquorice juice, indicating that the addition of liquorice juice steaming was more reasonable; The results of the simulated processing showed that the contents of lappaconitine and ranaconitine gradually decreased in the processing. After isolation and identification find the compound 1(peak 2) was 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. CONCLUSION The main alkaloids components of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai are changed greatly after processing, which may be closely related to the “reduction of toxicity and increase of efficiency” in the steaming process of adding liquorice juice.