雷公藤红素在胶质细胞瘤中的研究进展及应用

Research Progress and Application of Celastrol in Glioma

关键词:  雷公藤红素  胶质瘤  纳米载体  肝毒性  血脑屏障

Key words:  celastrol  glioma  nanocarriers  hepatotoxicity  blood-brain barrier

摘要:

雷公藤红素(celastrol,Cel)是从天然化合物雷公藤中提取的有效成分,具有良好的抗肿瘤活性及其他药理作用。随着近些年的研究发现Cel具有良好的抗肿瘤活性的同时也具有透过血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier,BBB)的能力,是治疗脑部肿瘤的潜力的药物,但受制于它严重的肝脏毒性,导致其临床应用前景存疑。胶质细胞瘤(glioma,GMA)是脑部高发的一种肿瘤,确诊后的存活率<5%,目前临床可以使用的药物较少,因此,探寻新的药物或是新的药物递送策略来治疗神经GMA十分迫切。有研究发现Cel具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,并且对GMA也具有良好的抑制作用,但相关机制还尚未有系统的归纳与拓展。由于Cel在临床应用于GBA还面临着诸多问题,未来使用何种手段使Cel能够高效地通过BBB,并递送到GMA部位发挥靶向治疗作用的同时,又能使其肝毒性降低需要进一步思考。本文对近些年Cel在多种肿瘤及GMA中的机制和研究结果进行归纳总结并进行拓展。并将近年来Cel结合纳米载体发挥增效减毒的新应用进行综述,以便更加清晰地将Cel在治疗GMA中的作用以及如何将Cel透过BBB的递送方法进行系统性地归纳,为临床治疗GMA提供新的治疗方法。

Abstract:

Celastrol(Cel) is a active ingredient extracted from the natural compound Tripterygium wilfordii, which has good anti-tumor activity and other pharmacological effects. In recent years, studies have found that Cel has good anti-tumor activity and the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier(BBB), which is a potential drug for treating brain tumors. However, due to its severe liver toxicity, its clinical application prospects are questioned. Glioma(GMA) is a high incidence tumor in the brain, with a survival rate of<5% after diagnosis. Currently, there are few drugs available in clinical practice, so it is urgent to explore new drugs or drug delivery strategies to treat neuro GMA. Some studies have found that Cel has good anti-tumor activity and also has a good inhibitory effect on GMA, but the relevant mechanisms have not yet been systematically summarized and expanded. Since Cel still faces many problems in its clinical application in GBA, it is necessary to further consider what means to use in the future to enable Cel to efficiently pass through BBB and deliver it to the GMA site for Targeted therapy while reducing its hepatotoxicity. This article summarizes and expands the mechanisms and research results of Cel in various tumors and GMA in recent years. This article also reviews the new applications of Cel combined with nanocarriers in enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity in recent years, in order to more clearly summarize the role of Cel in the treatment of GMA and how to systematically summarize the delivery methods of Cel through BBB, providing new treatment methods for clinical treatment of GMA.