中药调控Wnt信号通路防治老年痴呆的研究进展

Research progress on prevention and treatment of senile dementia with traditional Chinese medicine by regulating Wnt signaling pathway

关键词:  中药  Wnt信号通路  老年痴呆  研究进展

Key words:  Traditional Chinese medicine  Wnt signaling pathway  senile dementia  research progress

摘要:

Wnt信号通路有Wnt/β-catenin经典通路、Wnt/PCP与Wnt/Ca2+非经典通路，其可调控神经元生长、发育、成熟、分化和增殖等多个过程，与老年痴呆的发生、发展及防治均有着密切联系。目前已有许多关于中药调控Wnt信号通路防治老年痴呆的研究报道，但尚缺乏总结性分析。作者综合了近年来国内外文献关于淫羊藿、蛇床子、姜黄、人参、西红花、丹参、琥珀等有效成分及黑逍遥散、复方地黄、大补元煎、黄精丸、养血清脑颗粒等中药复方防治阿尔茨海默病（AD）、脑血管性痴呆（VaD）等老年痴呆的研究成果，分析发现这些中药单体或是中药复方具有补肾、益气、活血、通络、健脾、生津等功效，均可激活老年痴呆动物脑内Wnt相关信号通路，通过多靶点防治AD、VaD。因此，调控中枢神经Wnt信号通路可作为当前中药抗老年痴呆的重要策略之一，其研发可围绕具有此类功效的中药或复方进行重点筛选。

Abstract:

Wnt signaling pathway includes Wnt/β-catenin classical pathway, Wnt/PCP and Wnt/Ca2+ non-classical pathway, which can regulate many processes such as neuronal growth, development, maturation, differentiation, proliferation, are closely related to the occurrence, development and prevention of the senile dementia. At present, there have many reports on the prevention and treatment of senile dementia by regulating Wnt signaling pathway with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), but there is still a lack of summary analysis. This paper has synthesized the research results in recent domestic and international literatures which on the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Vascular dementia (VaD) and other senile dementia with the effective ingredients such as epimedium, fructus cnidii, turmeric, ginseng, saffron, salvia miltiorrhiza, amber, as well as with the compounds such as Hei Xiaoyaosan, Dihang compound, Dabuyuan jian, Huangjing pill and Yangxue Qingnao granule. It has found that these herbals or TCM compounds with the effects of tonifying kidney, supplementing qi, activating blood, dredging collaterals, invigorating spleen, generating fluid, etc, can both activate Wnt-related signaling pathways in the brain of senile dementia animals, and play a role in multi-target prevention and treatment of AD and VaD. Therefore, the regulation of Wnt signaling pathway in the brain of patients can be used as one of the important strategies of TCM for anti the senile dementia, and its research and development can focus on the screening of herbals or Chinese herbal compound with such effects.