细胞膜纳米载药系统研究进展及医学应用

Research progress and medical applications of cell membrane nano-drug delivery system

关键词:  仿生医学  细胞膜包被纳米  药物递送  靶向运输

Key words:  Biomimetic medicine  Cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles  Drug delivery  Targeting transport

摘要:

传统药物的局限和纳米药物的兴起推动了仿生纳米医学的发展，细胞膜纳米技术是仿生纳米医学领域的一种新型研究，它将纳米核心颗粒包裹在所提取的细胞膜中，这种结构保留了源细胞的表面特性，具有靶向运输能力强、血液循环时间长和对机体毒副作用小的优势，因此细胞膜纳米技术在医学领域的应用越来越广泛。目前研究较多的有红细胞膜、白细胞膜、血小板膜、肿瘤细胞膜、干细胞膜以及细菌外膜囊泡等，每种膜都有着自己独特的优势，并且在药物递送、免疫调节、抗肿瘤治疗和疫苗制备等领域都有着较大的发掘潜力。

Abstract:

The limitation of traditional drugs and the rise of nano medicines drive the development of bionanomedicine. The cell membrane nanotechnology is a new type of research in the field of bionanomedicine,it encapsulates the nanocore particles in the extracted cell membrane,this structure retains the surface properties of the source cell,which has the advantages of strong target transport ability, long blood circulation time and low toxic side effects to the body.Therefore, the nanotechnology of cell membrane is increasingly used in the medical field.Currently，the most studied ones are erythrocyte membrane, leukocyte membrane, platelet membrane, tumor cell membrane, stem cell membrane and bacterial outer membrane vesicles.Each membrane has its own unique advantages and has a large potential to be explored in areas such as drug delivery, immunomodulation, antitumor therapy and vaccine preparation.