中药黄酮类化合物在细胞程序性死亡介导的骨关节疾病中的作用机制研究进展

Progress on the mechanism of action of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine in cell programmed death-mediated bone and joint diseases

关键词:  细胞程序性死亡  骨关节疾病  中药  黄酮类化合物

Key words:  programmed cell death  PCD  bone and joint diseases  TCM  flavonoids

摘要:

骨关节疾病的发生呈现年轻化趋势且患病率逐渐升高，常见的疾病包括骨质疏松症、骨关节炎、类风湿关节炎等。细胞程序性死亡(Programmed cell death，PCD)是生物体普遍存在的现象，与生物的生长发育、组织修复和疾病产生有关，主要包括细胞凋亡、焦亡、自噬和铁死亡等，研究证实，PCD的过度激活或抑制在骨关节疾病中起至关重要的作用。近年来，采用中药活性黄酮类成分治疗骨关节疾病引起了人们广泛的关注，药理学研究表明，黄酮类化合物通过抑制或诱导骨功能细胞的PCD发挥作用。通过查阅近年来国内外中药黄酮类成分治疗骨关节疾病的文献，对中药黄酮类成分调控间充质干细胞、成骨细胞、软骨细胞、破骨细胞的凋亡、自噬、焦亡以及铁死亡机制进行系统性归纳和总结，为揭示中药治疗骨关节疾病的机制提供新思路和方法，为临床运用中医药防治骨关节疾病提供依据。

Abstract:

The occurrence of bone and joint diseases shows a trend in youth, and the prevalence is gradually increasing. The common diseases include osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and so on. Programmed cell death (PCD) is a common phenomenon in living organisms, which is related to the growth and development of organisms, tissue repair, and disease development, which includes apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, and Ferroptosis. Previous studies have been confirmed that the activation or inhibition of PCD plays a crucial role in bone and joint diseases. In recent years, treatment of bone and joint diseases using active components of flavonoids in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has raised concern. Pharmacological research has demonstrated that flavonoids play a role in functional cells of bone by inhibiting or inducing PCD. We reviewed literature on the treatment of bone and joint diseases with flavonoid components of TCM at home and abroad in recent years, then summarized the mechanisms of apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis of mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes and osteoclasts. This review aims to offer a novel perspective and methodology for elucidating the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of TCM in the treatment of bone and joint diseases. Additionally, it seeks to establish a foundation for the clinical application of TCM in the prevention and management of bone and joint diseases.