当归挥发油的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

Advances on Chemical Constituents of Volatile Oil from Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Their Pharmacological Effect

关键词:  当归；挥发油  化学成分  药理作用

Key words:  Angelicae Sinensis Radix  volatile oil  chemical composition  pharmacological effect

摘要:

当归是中国常用的药食同源药材之一，素有“十方九归”的美称。当归挥发油是当归的主要药效成分，主要由苯酞类、萜烯类及烷烃类等多种化合物组成，其化学成分复杂，且当归的生长环境、炮制工艺、提取方法等因素均会引起当归挥发油成分含量的变化。当归挥发油具有降血压、保护缺血再灌注损伤部位、平喘、抗炎及抗肿瘤等多种药理活性，临床应用价值较高。本文通过查阅近十年来国内外有关文献，对当归挥发油的化学成分进行梳理，汇总了影响当归挥发油化学成分的诸多因素，重点综述了其降血压、保护缺血再灌注损伤部位、平喘等多种活性作用，以期为当归挥发油的进一步开发利用提供参考。

Abstract:

Angelicae Sinensis Radix, drived from a medicinal and edible plant Angelica sinensis, with the reputation of "nine Angelica recipes out of ten". The volatile oils from Angelicae Sinensis Radix was the main medicinal component of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, mainly including benzene phthalides, terpenoids and alkanes, its chemical composition was complex. Such factors as growth environment, concoction process, extraction methods and other factors all can trigger changes in volatile oil constituents and content from Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Angelicae Sinensis Radix essential oil has diverse pharmacological activities such as anti-hypotension, protection of ischemia-reperfusion injury, asthma, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer, etc., implying its high clinical application value. This paper reviewed the literature on the volatile oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in the past ten years, the chemical components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix were sorted out and the factors affecting the chemical components were summarized, focusing on its anti-hypotensive, ischemia-reperfusion injury protection, asthma and other active effects, in order to provide reference for the further development and utilization of the volatile oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.