白术中内酯成分及其质量评价的研究进展

Research Progress of Lactone Components and Quality Evaluation of Atractylodes Macrocephala

关键词:  白术  内酯  质量评价  多元统计分析

Key words:  Atractylodes macrocephala  lactones  quality evaluation  multivariate statistical analysis

摘要:

菊科植物白术作为临床常用中药，具有健脾益气、燥湿利水、祛风散寒等功效。现代研究证明白术具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、改善免疫力等多种药理作用，白术内酯是白术的有效成分和特征性成分之一。本文以白术内酯、倍半萜内酯、质量评价、质量控制、化学成分等为检索词，检索中国知网、维普文献数据库和PubMed数据库，归纳和分析相关文献结果，梳理了白术内酯类成分的种类、化学结构式及成分转化机制，发现不同炮制方法、产地、部位、采摘时节和生长年限均可影响白术内酯类成分的含量。在白术内酯类成分含量测定方面，结合多元统计分析的评价结果更为准确、可靠和全面，其中有监督的PLS-DA与OPLS-DA分析比无监督的PCA分析更为完善。本文为白术的质量评价及开发利用提供了有益参考。

Abstract:

Atractylodes macrocephala, a plant of the Asteraceae family, as a commonly used traditional Chinses medicine in clinic, has the efficacy of invigorating spleen and supplementing qi, eliminating dampness and inducing diuresis, and expelling wind and dispersing cold. Moreover, it was proved that it has many pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, and improving immunical ability based on the scientific researches. Atractyloside is one of its active ingredients and characteristic ingredients. In this paper, using the search terms of Baizhu lactone, sesquiterpene lactone, quality evaluation, quality control, and chemical composition, the CNKI, Weipu and PubMed literature database were searched. And relevant literature results were compared and summarized. The catagories, structural formula of atractyloside and their transformation mechanism were summarized. It was found that the content of lactone components could be affected by different processing methods, different producing locations, different harvesting season, and different growth years. It was found that for the quality evaluation of Atractylodes macrocephala, the multivariate statistical analysis combined with content determination or fingerprint establishment could be more accurate, reliable and comprehensive, among which the supervised PLS-DA with OPLS-DA analysis was better than the unsupervised PCA analysis. This literature summary could provide a beneficial reference for the quality evaluation and utilization of Atractylodes macrocephala.