中药光/声敏剂在抗菌领域的研究进展

Research progress of photosensitizers and sonosensitizers in traditional Chinese medicine in antibacterial

关键词:  中药光敏剂  中药声敏剂  抗菌

Key words:  Chinese medicine  photosensitizer  sonosensitizer  antibacterial

摘要:

细菌感染严重威胁全球公众健康。目前,抗生素疗法是细菌感染的主要治疗方式,但疗效差、复发率高、易引起正常菌群失调等问题依旧无法规避。且随着广谱抗生素在临床的滥用和误用,细菌耐药性逐年攀升,导致细菌感染、特别是多重耐药菌感染的治疗极为棘手。光/声动力疗法主要利用特定波长的光照或低频超声波来激活光/声敏剂,促使其产生活性氧分子以抑菌杀菌。作为一种新型抗菌手段,该疗法具有广谱抗菌活性,且不易诱发耐药性,对多种耐药菌均有效。其中,来源于中药活性成分的光/声敏剂因良好的分子多样性、丰富的生物活性、较低的毒副作用,且价格低廉、提取工艺简单等优势,在光/声动力抗菌领域展现出广阔的应用前景。鉴于此,本文主要对中药光敏剂和声敏剂在抗菌领域的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract:

Pathogenic bacteria brings great challenges to the survival and developmentof human beings. Antibiotic therapy is currently the primary treatment for bacterial infections, nevertheless, issues like low efficiency, a high risk of recurrence, the ease with which normal bacterial flora abnormalities might arise, and so forth, cannot be avoided. Furthermoe,bacterial drug resistance rises dramatically as a result of the overuse and abuse of broad spectrum antibiotics in clinical practice, making the treatment of bacterial infections exceedingly challenging, especially multi-drug-resistant bacterial infection. Photodynamic/sonodynamic treatment is a novel antibacterial approach that primarily employs light or ultrasoun-d to activate photosensitizers or sonosensiters, which in turn encourages the creation of reactive oxygen molecules that are lethal to bacteria. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, is difficult to develop drugresistance, and works against a wide range of drug-resistant microbes. Due to their benefits of low toxicity and side effects, low cost, and an easy extraction process, the photosensitizer/sonosensiter made from the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine has demonstrated a variety of application prospects in the field of photodynamic/sonodynamic antibacterial. This study primarily examines the development of photosensitizers and sonosensiters from traditional Chinese medicine within the domain of antibacterial therapy.