榴莲壳提取物促进脱毛小鼠毛发生长的药效及机制研究

Research on the Pharmacodynamics and Mechanism of Durian Shell Extract in Promoting Hair Growth in Depilated Mice

关键词:  榴莲壳提取物  毛发生长  雌激素受体1  网络药理学

Key words:  durian shell extract  hair growth  ESR1  network pharmacology

摘要:

目的? 本研究旨在探讨榴莲壳提取物对脱毛小鼠毛发再生的促进作用及其潜在分子机制。方法? 以C57BL/6J雄性小鼠为研究对象,随机分为四组:正常组、对照组、阳性对照组(米诺地尔组)及榴莲壳提取物组。通过松香石蜡法建立小鼠脱毛模型,分别对各组小鼠脱毛区域进行为期21天的相应试剂处理。研究采用多指标评估体系,包括新生毛发的生长评分、毛发长度、毛发重量及毛囊数量等,系统评价榴莲壳提取物的生发效果。同时,运用网络药理学与分子对接技术,预测榴莲壳提取物的潜在作用靶点及相关信号通路。为验证预测结果,进一步采用qPCR法检测关键靶点基因的表达水平。结果? 实验结果表明,榴莲壳提取物组小鼠新生毛发生长评分、毛发长度、毛发重量及毛囊数目均显著高于其他组别。网络药理学及分子对接结果显示,榴莲壳提取物中槲皮素、芦丁、原花青素B等多种化合物可能作用于PIK3R1、PIK3CA、STAT3、ESR1等主要靶点,通过调控PI3K-Akt信号通路、FoxO信号通路和HIF-1等信号通路参与脱发的治疗过程。qPCR结果显示,榴莲壳提取物可显著升高脱毛小鼠脱毛区皮肤组织中ESR1的mRNA水平。结论 榴莲壳提取物可显著促进脱毛小鼠的毛发生长,其作用机制可能是通过靶向ESR1,调控ESR1表达。具体机制有待后续深入研究阐明。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the promoting effect of durian shell extract on hair regeneration in depilated mice and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: the normal group, the control group, the positive control group (minoxidil group), and the durian shell extract group. A depilation model was established in mice by the rosin-paraffin method, and the depilated areas of each group of mice were treated with the corresponding reagents for 21 days. A multi-index evaluation system was used in the study, including the growth score of new hair, hair length, hair weight, and the number of hair follicles, to systematically evaluate the hair growth effect of durian shell extract. At the same time, network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques were used to predict the potential target sites and related signaling pathways of durian shell extract. To verify the prediction results, the expression levels of key target genes were further detected by qPCR. Results The experimental results indicated that the scores of new hair growth, hair length, hair weight and the number of hair follicles in the mice treated with durian shell extract were significantly higher than those in the other groups. The results of network pharmacology and molecular docking showed that multiple compounds in durian shell extract, such as quercetin, rutin and proanthocyanidin B, might act on the main targets including PIK3R1, PIK3CA, STAT3 and ESR1, and participate in the treatment of hair loss by regulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway. The qPCR results showed that durian shell extract could significantly increase the mRNA level of ESR1 in the skin tissue of the hair loss area in hair loss mice. Conclusion Durian shell extract can significantly promote hair growth in depilated mice, and its mechanism of action may be achieved by targeting ESR1 and regulating the expression level of ESR1. The specific mechanism awaits further in-depth research for clarification.