薏苡仁活性成分调控肿瘤微环境抗肿瘤作用的研究进展

Research Progress on Anti-tumor Effects of Active Ingredients from Coix Seed via Regulating Tumor Microenvironment

关键词:  薏苡仁  活性成分  肿瘤微环境  铁死亡  肠道菌群  免疫检查点

Key words:  Coix seed  active ingredients  tumor microenvironment  ferroptosis  gut microbiota  immune checkpoints

摘要:

薏苡仁为临床常用的药食同源中药，其脂质、多糖、甾醇及黄酮等活性成分已被证实具有明确的抗肿瘤潜力。本文基于最新的研究证据，系统整理薏苡仁抗肿瘤的相关研究。重点围绕薏苡仁活性成分有多成分、多靶点、多层级调控肿瘤微环境的特点，综述其在调节免疫微环境、影响细胞外基质重塑、诱导脂质过氧化与铁死亡、调控肠道菌群-免疫轴以及辅助放化疗减毒增效等方面的作用。本文旨在为薏苡仁活性成分的药效物质基础阐明及其在肿瘤综合治疗中的合理应用提供理论参考。

Abstract:

Coix seed is a commonly used medicinal and food-homologous traditional Chinese medicine in clinical practice. Its active constituents, including lipids, polysaccharides, sterols, and flavonoids, have been demonstrated to possess definite antitumor potential. Based on the latest research evidence, our review systematically summarizes studies related to the antitumor effects of Coix seed. Focusing on the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-level characteristics of Coix seed active constituents in regulating the tumor microenvironment, our review discusses their roles in modulating the immune microenvironment, influencing extracellular matrix remodeling, inducing lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, regulating the gut microbiota–immune axis, and enhancing the efficacy while reducing the toxicity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Our review aims to provide a theoretical reference for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis of Coix seed active constituents and promoting their rational application in comprehensive cancer therapy.