高效抗反转录病毒疗法治疗艾滋病效果分析

Effectiveness of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in AIDS Patients

关键词:  艾滋病  高效抗反转录病毒疗法  CD4+ T淋巴细胞

Key words:  AIDS  highly active antiretroviral therapy  CD4⁺T lymphocyte

摘要:

目的 观察分析高效抗反转录病毒疗法治疗艾滋病的效果。方法 采用回顾性调查方法，对2004—2011年嘉兴市纳入国家免费高效抗反转录病毒治疗的90例艾滋病患者进行治疗效果分析。观察治疗患者CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞增长情况、血液血象及生化指标变化情况以及药物不良反应发生情况。结果 随着治疗时间的增加，艾滋病患者CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞呈明显上升趋势，其增长量在疗程为24月时达到最高值(204.32±124.15)μL^-1；不同基线组患者CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞增长有所不同，<200 μL^-1基线组各疗程治疗效果均较好(P<0.01)，≥200 μL^-1基线组6月以上治疗效果较好(P<0.05)；不同基线组在疗程为12月时CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞增长存在差异(P<0.05)，≥200 μL^-1组治疗效果好于<200 μL^-1 组；患者治疗前后淋巴细胞(Lym)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板(Plt)、空腹血糖(Glu)变化有统计学意义(P<0.01)，白细胞(WBC)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)治疗前后变化无统计学意义(P>0.05)；最常发生的药物不良反应是胃口改变、恶心呕吐和皮疹，不良反应主要反生在治疗最初3～6月。结论 高效抗反转录病毒疗法治疗艾滋病效果显著，符合治疗标准的患者应积极接受治疗。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in AIDS patients. METHODS Information about the variations of CD4⁺T lymphocyte, hemogram, biochemical indicators and occurrence of adverse reactions of 90 AIDS patients with HAART from 2004 to 2011 were collected by retrospective survey, then the curative effect of HAART were analyzed. RESULTS The level of CD4⁺T lymphocyte in 90 AIDS patients increased remarkably with the increase of treatment time and was peaked at 24th month(204.32±124.15)mL^-1. The CD4+ T lymphocyte growth were various in different baseline group, the treatment were significantly effective in various periods among group with baseline CD4⁺T below 200 μL^-1(P<0.01), long period treatment (above 6 months) reveals relatively better treatment effect among group with baseline CD4⁺ T lymphocyte above 200 μL^-1(P<0.05). The CD4⁺T increase were different among different baseline groups, ≥200 μL^-1 increased more than the <200 μL^-1 group. There were significant differences in the lymphocyte, hemoglobin, platelets, glucose before and after antiretroviral therapy(P<0.01), but not in the white blood cells, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase before and after antiretroviral therapy(P>0.05). Adverse reactions were most appeared at 3-6 months after treatment. The most frequently occurring adverse drug reactions were appetite changes, nausea, vomiting and rash. CONCLUSION The HAART is effective among 90 AIDS patients. The patients who meet the treatment standard should actively receiving antiretroviral treatment.