超顺磁性纳米粒的关键理化性质及其在生物医学中的应用

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Key Physicochemical Properties and Biomedical Applications

关键词:  超顺磁性纳米粒  理化性质  生物医学  磁性靶向给药系统  磁热疗  造影剂

Key words:  superparamagnetic nanoparticles  physicochemical properties  biomedicine  magnetic targeted drugs delivery  magnetic hyperthermia  contrast agent

摘要:

超顺磁性纳米粒以生物相容性的材料作为耦合剂，以药物、蛋白、质粒等功能基团进行链接或载带，超顺磁性纳米粒在临床治疗领域应用广泛，如疾病诊断、药物靶向治疗、基因转染、医学成像、热疗和放疗等领域。此外，超顺磁性纳米粒也用于细胞分离和分类及蛋白质分离纯化和核酸的提取等领域。超顺磁性纳米粒是一种堪称理想的靶向药物纳米载体，通过靶向部位药物浓度的增高，提高治疗的有效性同时减少了不良反应，开辟了高选择性的治疗癌症的方法，是一种高效、经济、安全的纳米载体，将广泛应用于各种临床治疗手段。

Abstract:

The present paper as a review focus on the progress in superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(SPION) in the drug delivery system by summarize the recently researches. As a result, superparamagnetic nanoparticles are coated with biocompatible materials and can be functionalized with drugs, proteins or plasmids. And SPION has been extensively used in the clinical practices, such as disease diagnosis, drug targeted therapy, gene transfection, medical imaging, heat treatment and radiation. In addition, SPION is also used in cell separation and classification and protein purification and nucleic acid extraction. In conculsion, SPION is a kind of high efficient, economical and safe carrier, which will be widely used in clinical diagnosis and treatments. In this review the key physicochemical properties and applications of SPION in the biomedical sector are introduced and discussed.