微生物快速鉴定、分型技术在食药源性微生物检测中的应用

Application of Microorganism Identification and Genotyping Techniques in Microbial Contamination Detection in Food and Drug Quality Control

关键词:  微生物鉴定、分型  PCR  变性梯度凝胶电泳  基因芯片  生物传感器  标准检测方法

Key words:  microbial contamination detection  PCR  DGGE  gene chip  biosensor  standard detection method

摘要:

食品、药品微生物检测是保证食品、药品质量、维护人类健康的重要环节。传统的微生物检测、鉴定方法存在周期长、主观性强等缺点，并且对一些生长缓慢或者新型微生物难以进行有效检测。现代微生物快速鉴定分型技术的发展为食品、药品微生物检测提供了新的思路和方法。现代分子生物学技术和常规生化鉴定在微生物准确鉴定的属种水平上有所差异，要将不同鉴定、分型技术相结合应用。本文综述食药微生物鉴定、分型技术的传统方法和现代分子生物学方法进展及其在食品、药品微生物检测领域中的应用，为发展新型的微生物检测、分型方法提供借鉴和参考。

Abstract:

The microorganism detection, identification and genotyping are the most important aspects for the quality control in food and drug fields. However, the traditional microbial detection methods need relative long period and the result may be influenced greatly by subjective judgment of the researchers to some extent. And traditional methods have disadvantages in the discovering of new microorganisms or microorganisms that grow slowly. The development of modern identification and genotyping techniques provide new directions for the detection of microorganisms in food and drug field. In this review, the application of traditional and modern microorganism identification and genotyping techniques in the field of drug and food quality control is discussed. At the same time, it is aimed to propose new ideas in order to provide reference and technical guarantees for the development of new method for microorganism detection besides the aforementioned areas.