薯蓣皂苷元的制备及其抗甲亢活性研究

Preparation and Study on Anti-hyperthyroidism Activities of Diosgenin

关键词:  穿山龙  薯蓣皂苷元  模型  甲亢

Key words:  Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma  diosgenin  model  hyperthyroidism

摘要:

目的 考查薯蓣皂苷元对甲亢大鼠的活性。方法 穿山龙饮片用含1.5 mol·L^-1硫酸的75%乙醇水溶液在沸水浴中回流提取4.5 h，再经柱层析法分离、精制纯化得薯蓣皂苷元提取物，并进行结构表征。采用优甲乐灌胃法制作大鼠甲亢模型，并将大鼠随机分成正常对照组、甲亢模型组、甲巯咪唑治疗组、薯蓣皂苷元治疗组(低、中、高剂量)，分别于给药21 d后测定大鼠血清中T₃、T₄及TSH值。结果 薯蓣皂苷元提取制备工艺正确适当，所得薯蓣皂苷元提取物经氢谱、碳谱、质谱和高效液相色谱表征确定为薯蓣皂苷元。与甲亢模型组比较，薯蓣皂苷元治疗组(低、中、高)血清中T₃、T₄和TSH值均有不同程度改善。结论 薯蓣皂苷元制备工艺合理可行，得率较高。薯蓣皂苷元可使甲亢大鼠的各项甲状腺功能血清值恢复正常，还可增加其体质量，功效与甲巯咪唑相似，值得进一步研究。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efectiveness of diosgenin on hyperthyroid rats. METHODS Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma was refluxed for 4.5 h in 75% ethanol aqueous solution which containing sulfuric acid 1.5 mol·L^-1. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel, and the structure of diosgenin was characterized. The model of hyperthyroid rats was prepared by intragastric administration of euthyrox, the rats were randomized into six groups: The normal rats group, the model group, the methimazole group, the diosgenin groups(low, medium and high dose). T₃, T₄ and TSH in rats serum were examined separately after 21 days. RESULTS The diosgenin structures were elucidated by means of ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, HRMS and HPLC. compared with the model rats, the diosgenin groups(low, medium and high dose) serum T₃, T₄ and TSH were improved for varying degrees. CONCLUSION The Diosgenin extraction process shows good practicability and high yield. Diosgenin not only helps hyperthyroidism rats return to normal, but also can increase body weight, which has the similar effect with methimazole, further studies will be needed.