氧化石墨烯纳米载体的生物相容性研究进展

Research Progress on Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide as a Nanocarrier

关键词:  氧化石墨烯  药物递送  生物相容性  肿瘤  光动力疗法

Key words:  graphene oxide  drug delivery  biocompatibility  tumor  photodynamic therapy

摘要:

氧化石墨烯是一种石墨烯的含氧衍生物，作为新型碳纳米材料，氧化石墨烯具有高载药能力、高度可修饰性及独特的光学性质等特性，在药物传递、生物成像及光热治疗等方面表现出了巨大的应用潜力。然而，随着氧化石墨烯在生物医学领域的广泛研究，其生物相容性问题成为其进入临床应用的主要障碍。基于此，本文系统综述了氧化石墨烯在体外和体内的生物相容性，以及表面修饰如何影响其在体内外的毒性。通过分析氧化石墨烯的理化性质、使用剂量和表面修饰等对细胞和实验动物毒性的影响，为开发高效、安全的新型纳米载体提供参考。

Abstract:

Graphene oxide is a kind of oxygenated derivative of grapheme, as a new type of carbon nanomaterial, it has various characteristics:high drug loading capacity, high ability of being modified, and unique optical property, thus it shows great application potential in the aspects of drug delivery, bio-imaging, photothermal therapy, and so on. However, with more and more researches of graphene oxide in the biomedical field, its biocompatibility becomes a main obstacle for its clinical application. Therefore, this paper reviews the biocompatibility of graphene oxide in vitro and in vivo, and how its toxicity in vitro and in vivo is influenced by the surface modifier. Through analyzing the influence of such toxicity on cells and animals subjected to studies, which is caused by physicochemical properties of graphene oxide, its dosage, and surface modification, etc., it provides reference for the development of effective and safe new nanocarriers.