民族药准噶尔乌头不同提取部位化学成分的差异性分析

Variance Analysis on the Chemical Constitutes of Different Extracts from Aconitum Soongaricum Stapf.

关键词:  准噶尔乌头  化学成分  生物碱  高效液相色谱法  毛茛科

Key words:  Aconitum soongaricum Stapf  chemical constitute  alkaloid  HPLC  Ranunculaceae

摘要:

目的 建立HPLC同时测定各生物碱含量的方法，并对准噶尔乌头的乙酸乙酯和乙醇提取部位进行分析。方法 采用Agilent TC-C₁₈（2）色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm）；流动相为0.3%磷酸水溶液（A）-乙腈（B），二元梯度洗脱（0~12 min，10%→16% B；12~30 min，16%→35% B；30~40 min，35%→45% B；40~45 min，45% B），流速1.0 mL·min^-1，检测波长235 nm，柱温35℃，进样量20 μL。结果 在45 min内生物碱成分均能完全分离，峰面积与进样量呈良好线性关系。乙酸乙酯提取物中含有次乌头原碱、高乌甲素、苯甲酰乌头原碱与乌头碱等，而乙醇提取物中含有宋果灵、苯甲酰乌头原碱、乌头碱、草乌甲素与3-脱氧乌头碱等，含量分别在1~130 mg·g^-1之间，2个提取部位所含生物碱的种类与含量均有较大差异。结论 该方法操作简便，结果可靠，重复性好，可用于准噶尔乌头药材的质量控制，并为其他乌头类药材中生物碱的定量分析提供参考。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC method for simultaneously analyzing the alkaloids in Aconitum soongaricum Stapf,and study the chemical differences between ethyl acetate extract and ethanol extract.METHODS The separation was performed on an Agilent TC-C₁₈(2) column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),and the mobile phase consisted of 0.3% phosphoric acid water (A)-acetonitrile (B) in gradient mode (0-12 min,10%→16% B;12-30 min,16%→35% B;30-40 min,35%→45% B;40-45 min,45% B) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1.The detection wavelength was 235 nm,while the column temperature was 35℃ and the injection volume was 20 μL.RESULTS All the alkaloids could be separated completely within 45 min,and the regression equation showed good liner relationship between the peak area and the content of each compound.The ethyl acetate extract contained four alkaloids including hypaconitine,lappaconitine,benzoylaconine and aconitine,while ethanol extract contained five alkaloids including songorine,benzoylaconine,aconitine,bulleyaconitine A and 3-deoxy-aconitine,and the contents of above alkaloids were 1-130 mg·g^-1.Results showed that there were significant differences between the two parts.CONCLUSION This method is simple,accurate,and reproducible,and is suitable for the quality control of Aconitum soongaricum,and can be used for quantitative analysis of other Aconitum crude medicines.