腹腔黏连病理生理机制及治疗研究现状

Pathophysiology and Research Status on Treatment of Intra-abdominal Adhesions

关键词:  腹腔黏连  间皮损伤  炎症反应  缺血缺氧  免疫反应

Key words:  intra-abdominal adhesions  mesothelial cell injury  inflammation  lack of blood and oxygen  immune response

摘要:

腹腔黏连是纤维结缔组织将腹膜与腹腔器官、腹膜之间、腹腔器官之间异常连接的一种病理现象，是腹部手术后常见并发症。然而腹腔黏连发生的病理生理机制尚不清楚，可能为多种机制共同作用的结果，主要包括：脉管壁受损和腹膜间皮层损害、炎症反应、缺血缺氧、免疫反应。目前临床采用的各种治疗方法如：手术方式的改进，放置生物膜屏障及治疗药物均效果不佳、局限性大。了解腹腔黏连发生的病理生理机制、分析现有研究治疗利弊对于发现新的药物靶点和有效的治疗措施有重要意义。

Abstract:

Intra-abdominal adhesions are a pathological symptom characterized by abnormal connection of the peritoneum with adjacent peritoneum or celiac organs by fibrous tissue bands,which are the most common complication of abdominal surgery.However,the pathophysiology of intra-abdominal adhesions remains unknow,the effects may be a combination of multiple mechanisms.There are four pathophysiological mechanisms in general leading to the formation of intra-abdominal adhesions as follows:injury to the wall of vessels and peritoneal mesothelial cells,inflammation,lack of supplement of blood and oxygen,immune response.However,therapeutic effects and applications of present treatment such as improve the operation mode,set biofilm barrier,and drug treatment have poor effect and big limitations.Understanding the pathophysiological mechanism and analyzing the pros and cons of current research have important values on discovering new drug targets and treatment for abdominal adhesion.