中药材衢枳壳的基源植物研究

Research for the Original Plant of Chinese Medicinal Materials Qu Aurantii Fructus

关键词:  衢枳壳  常山柚橙  常山胡柚  柚  酸橙

Key words:  Qu Aurantii Fructus  Citrus aurantium ‘Changshan-huyou’  Citrus changshan-huyou  Citrus maxima  Citrus aurantium

摘要:

目的 厘清中药材衢枳壳基源植物的起源，解决衢枳壳基源植物起源的争议，根据各种文献使用的不同名称，确定科学的中文名和拉丁学名正名。方法 对衢枳壳形态、栽培历史和抗寒基因特性进行调查研究，对PCR扩增、化学成分和基因片段测序等方面进行文献考证。结果 衢枳壳基源植物的形态、PCR扩增结果和ITS1测序结果均与柚和酸橙非常相似或相同，而化学成分和抗寒基因特性与酸橙十分相近。结论 衢枳壳的基源植物系柚和酸橙的自然杂交栽培变种，不具备独立种的地位，其拉丁学名应为Citrus aurantium ‘Changshan-huyou’，中文名宜为常山柚橙，常山胡柚和胡柚可作为别名。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To clarify the plant origin of the Chinese medicinal materials Qu Aurantii Fructus and solve the controversy about the original plant of Qu Aurantii Fructus, determine its scientific Chinese name and Latin names from different names which used in various literature. METHODS Making an investigation of the morphology, culture history and characteristics of cold-resistant genes, and literature textual research on PCR amplification, chemical composition and gene fragment sequencing of the original plant. RESULTS The morphology, PCR amplification and ITS1 sequencing of the Qu Aurantii Fructus were same or very similar to those of Citrus grandis and Citrus aurantium. The chemical composition and cold-resistance genes were very similar to those of Citrus aurantium. CONCLUSION It is determined that the original plant of Qu Aurantii Fructus is a natural hybrid cultivated variety of Citrus grandis and Citrus aurantium, which does not have the status of independent species of plant. The original plant Latin name and Chinese name of the Qu Aurantii Fructus are Citrus aurantium ‘Changshan-huyou’ and Changshan Youcheng respectively. Changshan Huyou and Huyou can be used as synonymy.