中药黄芪质量评价方法的研究进展

Research Progress on the Quality Evaluation Methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine Astragali Radix

关键词:  黄芪  形态学  化学信息  生物学信息  质量评价  研究进展

Key words:  Astragali Radix  morphological information  chemical information  biological information  quality evaluation  research progress

摘要:

中药黄芪为豆科植物蒙古黄芪Astragalus membranaceus（Fisch.） Bge.var. mongholicus（Bge.） Hsiao或膜荚黄芪A.membranaceus（Fisch.） Bge.的干燥根，是常用补气中药，其用药历史悠久，临床用药广泛。近年来，因黄芪栽培变异及多种混淆品充斥市场，致使黄芪质量良莠难辨，故其质量评价方法一直是黄芪药材研究的热点，其中如何建立体现中药整体观特点以及中医药特色的黄芪质量标准，一直是黄芪研究的难点之一。因此，本文根据目前国内外相关文献的研究报道，分别从黄芪的形态学信息（来源、性状、显微）、化学信息（化学成分）、生物学信息（遗传和药效为核心）3个方面对黄芪的质量评价方法进行综述，以期反映黄芪药材的真实性、有效性、安全性和一致性，旨在为黄芪的质量控制及其研究提供参考和依据。

Abstract:

Astragali Radix is the dry roots of the leguminous plants Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao and A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. It has been used for thousands of years for replenishing Qi, and widely used in clinic. In the recent years, due to the variation in the cultivation of Astragali Radix and various types of adulterants, the quality of Astragali Radix has been difficult to discern. Therefore, its quality evaluation method has always been a hot topic in Astragali Radix research. How to establish the quality standard of Astragali Radix that reflects the holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine and the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, has always been one of the difficulties in the study of Astragali Radix. Therefore, this paper reviewed domestic and foreign literatures and summaried from the three aspects, i.e.: morphological information(source, traits, microscopy), chemical information(chemical composition), and biological information(genetics and pharmacodynamics as the core) of Astragali Radix, to reflect the current progress in the research of authenticity, effectiveness, safety and concordance of Astragali Radix. This paper aims to provide reference and basis for the quality control and its study of Astragali Radix.