急性髓系白血病基因水平发病机制的研究进展

Advances in the Pathogenesis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia at Gene level

关键词:  白血病  急性髓系白血病  基因水平  发病机制

Key words:  leukemia  acute myeloid leukemia  gene level  pathogenesis

摘要:

白血病是一种常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤，其中急性髓系白血病（acute myeloid leukemia，AML）是所有白血病中最常见的一类以克隆性髓系原始细胞增高为主的造血系统恶性疾病，其发病机制尚不完全清楚，现认为是由多种因素在多个层面、多个阶段的相互作用而导致的。随着国内外现代医学事业的不断发展和进步，对急性髓系白血病在基因水平上发病机制的深入研究，开发出的新型基因靶向治疗药物因其能特异性地作用于病变部位，而且效果显著、毒性相对低等特点，使AML的治疗方案不断得以优化，预后也有很大的改善，为临床上高效安全地治疗AML带来新希望。本文拟对AML在基因水平上发病机制的研究进展进行综述，旨在寻找潜在的基因靶点，为开发精准治疗AML的新型基因靶向药物提供参考。

Abstract:

Leukemia is a common hematological malignant tumor, among which acute myeloid leukemia(AML) is the most common type of hematopoiesis malignant tumor with clonal myeloid primordial cell increasing, and AML is one of the most common hematopoiesis malignancies in all leukemia. The pathogenesis of the disease is not completely clear, and it is now thought to be caused by the interaction of many factors at multiple levels and stages. With the continuous development and progress of modern medicine at home and abroad, the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia at the gene level has been deeply understood. The novel gene-targeted therapy drugs developed can specifically act on the lesion site, and the effect is remarkable, the toxicity is relatively low, so that the treatment scheme of AML can be continuously optimized, and the prognosis has been greatly improved. It brings new hope for the effective and safe treatment of AML in clinic. In this paper, the research progress of the pathogenesis of AML at the gene level is reviewed in order to find out the potential gene targets and provide references for develop novel gene targeting drugs for precise treatment of AML.