白头翁、漏芦及甘肃白头翁的生药鉴别研究

Pharmacognostic Identification of Pulsatillae Radix, Rhapontici Radix and Radix Anemones

关键词:  白头翁  漏芦  甘肃白头翁  生药鉴别

Key words:  Pulsatilla Radix  Rhapontici Radix  Radix Anemones  pharmacognostic identification

摘要:

目的 研究白头翁、漏芦及甘肃白头翁的形态与组织鉴别特征。方法 采用性状鉴别和显微鉴别的方法，对白头翁、漏芦及甘肃白头翁饮片的形态特征和粉末进行了详细的研究。结果 相同点：三者根头部有白色绒毛，断面导管放射状排列，都有具缘纹孔导管和非腺毛。不同点：白头翁断面皮部与木部多分离，非腺毛单细胞，胞腔狭细，且细胞表面多有裂纹，有的呈螺状纹理；漏芦断面木质部中央多腐朽呈空洞，非腺毛为3~5个细胞组成；甘肃白头翁断面木质部呈扇状分离，非腺毛单细胞，基部多拐弯，可见分支状的孔沟，似石细胞状。结论 基于性状和显微鉴别可以区分白头翁、漏芦及甘肃白头翁，本研究结果可以为白头翁、漏芦及甘肃白头翁的正确鉴别提供参考。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To study on morphological and histological identification characteristics of Pulsatillae Radix, Rhapontici Radix and Radix Anemones. METHODS Used macroscopical identification and microscopic identification, to study in detail with morphological characteristics and powder of Pulsatillae Radix, Rhapontici Radix and Radix Anemones. RESULTS Similarities:root head had white villi, cross-sectional catheters arranged radially, all three had marginal perforated catheters and non-glandular hairs. Differences:Pulsatilla Radix's phloem and xylem were mostly separated, the non-glandular hair was single cell, the cell cavity was narrow and fine, and the cell surface had many cracks, some showed spiral texture. The central part of xylem cross-section of Rhapontici Radix was hollow and decayed, and the non-glandular hairs were composed of 3-5 cells. The xylem of the cross section of the Radix Anemone was fan-shaped and the non-glandular hairs were single cells, and its base had a turn, with branching furrows, like stone cells. CONCLUSION Based on macroscopical identification and microscopic identification, can be identified Pulsatilla Radix, Rhapontici radix and Radix Anemones, this research's result can be used as a reference for the correct identification of Pulsatilla Radix, Rhapontici Radix and Radix Anemones.