离子电渗给药技术研究进展

Progress on Research of Iontophoretic Delivery Systems

关键词:  生物屏障  离子电渗  促渗机制  应用实例

Key words:  biological barrier  iontophoresis  penetration mechanism  application examples

摘要:

离子电渗技术作为一种非入侵性、成熟的物理促渗方式，能有效解决药物经皮肤、角膜和黏膜转运速率低下和吸收量少的难题。相比其他促透方式而言，具有给药效率高和递送剂量可控等优势。本文介绍该技术的装置组成、促渗机制以及影响因素，分析近年来离子电渗技术在医药科学领域的应用方向，该技术可广泛用于小分子乃至大分子蛋白药物的递送及医疗诊断与监测的研究领域。同时本文简述了该技术与其他促渗方式联合应用的实例，表明联合促渗技术可起到药物跨屏障递送的协同作用，大幅度提高给药效率。虽然离子电渗给药技术现阶段仍存在设备要求高、用药成本高等问题，但其较高的医疗价值与良好的市场前景将会进一步推动该技术继续发展。

Abstract:

As a non-invasive and mature physical infiltration method, iontophoresis can effectively solve the problem of low drug transport rate and low absorption rate through skin, cornea and mucous membrane. Compared with other methods of promoting penetration, it has the advantages of high drug delivery efficiency and controllable delivery dose. This paper introduces the device composition, penetration mechanism and influencing factors of this technology, and then analyzes the application direction of iontophoresis technology in the field of medical science in recent years. It is concluded that this technology can be widely used in the field of small molecule or even the large molecule protein drug delivery, medical diagnosis or monitoring. At the same time, the example of the combined application of this technology with other methods of promoting penetration has been briefly described, which indicates that the combined penetration-infiltration technique can play a synergistic role in drug cross-barrier delivery and greatly improve the drug delivery efficiency. Although the iontophoretic drug delivery technology still has problems such as high equipment requirements and high drug cost, its high medical value and good market prospects will further promote the continued development of the technology.