血管新生抑制剂的作用途径及其在抗肿瘤治疗中的应用研究进展

Advances in the Role of Angiogenesis Inhibitors and Their Application in Anti-tumor Therapy

关键词:  血管新生  肿瘤  作用途径  血管新生抑制剂

Key words:  angiogenesis  tumor  route of action  angiogenesis inhibitor

摘要:

近年来，血管新生抑制剂药物在抗肿瘤治疗中正得到广泛应用。血管新生抑制剂能够阻止肿瘤组织的血液供应，导致实体肿瘤组织内缺氧，进而引发组织坏死。由于正常组织与肿瘤组织间的血管新生过程存在显著差异，因此该过程为新型抗肿瘤药物的研发提供了新的途径及思路。早在1972年就有研究学者提出应用血管新生抑制剂治疗实体肿瘤的方法。21世纪初，FDA批准了贝伐单抗和索拉菲尼用于治疗不同类型的肿瘤疾病。在过去的20年中，研究人员一直在改进血管新生抑制剂药物的疗效，并探索其有效治疗恶性肿瘤的可能机制。本综述主要阐明血管新生抑制剂的不同作用途径，并讨论该类药物在临床中的应用，为恶性肿瘤的治疗提供参考。

Abstract:

In recent years, angiogenesis inhibitor drugs have been widely used in the course of anti-tumor therapy. An angiogenesis inhibitor can block the blood supply to the tumor tissue, resulting in hypoxia in the solid tumor tissue, which in turn causes tissue necrosis. Because there are significant differences in the process of angiogenesis between normal tissue and tumor tissue, this process provides new ways and ideas for the development of new anti-tumor drugs. As early as 1972, researchers had proposed methods for the treatment of solid tumors using angiogenesis inhibitors. At the beginning of the 21st century, FDA approved bevacizumab and sorafenib for the treatment of different types of neoplastic diseases. Over the past two decades, researchers had been improving the performance of angiogenesis inhibitor drugs and exploring possible mechanisms for their effective treatment of malignancies. This review mainly clarifies the different pathways of angiogenesis inhibitors, and discusses the clinical application of these drugs, which provide reference for the treatment of malignant tumors.