基于数据挖掘的中药外治小儿发热用药规律及特点分析

Analysis of the Rule and Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Fever in Children Based on Data Mining

关键词:  小儿发热  中药外治  数据分析  用药规律

Key words:  fever in children  external treatment of Chinese medicine  data analysis  medication law

摘要:

目的 探讨总结中药外治各类小儿发热的特点及规律。方法 以“中药外治”和“小儿发热”为主题词，搜索中国知网（CNKI）、万方医学网、维普中文期刊服务平台（VIP）中2010年1月-2019年12月相关临床研究文献，建立数据库，归纳总结引起小儿发热疾病种类及外治方法、用药情况、药物类别、高频药物的性味归经、外用疗程、给药频次、部位等，进行关联规则分析。结果 筛选出214篇临床中药外治小儿发热的文献；使用中药外治的小儿发热疾病以外感及肺炎为主，治疗方法以药浴、足浴、灌肠、穴位贴敷居多，多使用柴胡、荆芥、薄荷、石膏、青蒿等中药，用药以解表药、清热药为主，以寒性、辛味，归肺经为主。核心药对以解表药与清热药为主。治疗时常以3 d左右为1个疗程，用药频次以每日1~2次居多，用药部位与给药方式密切相关。结论 外治小儿发热以解表药、清热药为主，多选择药性偏寒，味辛并归肺经的中药，临床可着重考虑柴胡、青蒿、薄荷、荆芥、石膏等中药的配伍使用。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To explore and summarize the characteristics and rules of external treatment of fever in children with traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS With the theme words of "external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine" and "children with fever", searched CNKI, Wanfang database and VIP database related clinical research literature from January 2010 to December 2019, established a database, summarized the types and external treatment methods of fever in children, drug use, drug categories, high-frequency drug tropism, external treatment, frequency of administration, location, etc., and analyzed association rules. RESULTS A total of 214 literatures on the treatment of children's fever with traditional Chinese medicine were screened out. The diseases of children's fever treated with traditional Chinese medicine were mainly exogenous and pneumonia, and the treatment methods were mainly medicine bath, foot bath, enema, acupoint sticking, mostly using bupleurum, Schizonepeta, mint, gypsum, Artemisia and other traditional Chinese medicine, and the drugs used were mainly surface resolving drugs, heat clearing drugs, cold, pungent, and lung meridian returning drugs. The core drug pair was mainly composed of surface resolving drugs and heat clearing drugs. The treatment often took about 3 d as a course of treatment, and the frequency of medication was mostly 1-2 times a day. The location of medication was closely related to the way of administration. CONCLUSION The external treatment of children's fever mainly consisted of surface resolving drugs and heat clearing drugs, focusing on the selection of traditional Chinese medicine with cold properties, spicy taste and lung meridian. Clinically, the compatibility of bupleurum, Artemisia, mint, Schizonepeta, gypsum and other traditional Chinese medicines can be considered.