长链非编码RNA HOTAIR在胶质瘤中的研究进展

Research Progress of Long Non-coding RNA HOTAIR in Glioma

关键词:  长链非编码RNA|HOX转录反义RNA|胶质瘤

Key words:  long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)|HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA(HOTAIR)|glioma

摘要:

胶质瘤是严重威胁人类健康的神经系统疾病之一，在中国，其发病率约占所有颅内肿瘤的60%。探索胶质瘤发病的分子机制已成为诊断和治疗这种疾病的热门话题。长链非编码RNA（long non-coding RNA，lncRNA）长度>200个核苷酸且不具有蛋白编码功能。针对lncRNA的研究表明，其在基因的遗传、转录和翻译等方面均有重要调控作用。在多种lncRNA中，HOX转录反义RNA（HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA，HOTAIR）是一种典型的反义lncRNA，同时也是第一种被发现的具有反式转录作用且远距离调控2号染色体上的HOXD基因簇的lncRNA，在多种肿瘤组织和细胞中高表达，具有肿瘤基因作用。HOTAIR可通过多种分子机制参与胶质瘤细胞的增殖、凋亡、侵袭和自噬等过程，本文就HOTAIR在胶质瘤的作用机制方面进行综述。

Abstract:

Glioma, one of the nervous system diseases that threaten human health seriously, has about 60% incidence of all intracranial tumors in China. Therefore, it has become a hot topic in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease to explore the molecular mechanism of glioma. Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) is longer than 200 nucleotides and has no protein coding function. According to the research of it, it plays an important role in the genetic, transcription and translation of genes. Among a variety of lncRNA, HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA(HOTAIR) is a typical kind of antisense lncRNA, and it is also the first lncRNA with trans transcription and long-distance regulation of HOXD gene cluster on chromosome 2, which is highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues and cells and has the function of oncogene. Since HOTAIR can participate in the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and autophagy of glioma cells through a variety of molecular mechanisms, this article reviews the regulatory mechanism of HOTAIR in gliomas.