缺血性卒中后小胶质细胞极化调节及中医药干预研究进展

Research progress on microglia polarization regulation and intervention effect of Chinese medicine after ischemic stroke

关键词:  小胶质细胞极化  缺血性卒中  中医药  研究进展

Key words:  microglia polarization  ischemic stroke  Chinese medicine  research progress

摘要:

小胶质细胞被公认为是介导神经炎症反应的主要细胞，其极化为M1或M2表型对于能否改善缺血性卒中的预后具有重大意义。本文通过检索近几年针对小胶质细胞研究的文献，归纳脑缺血后不同时间点小胶质细胞极化形态和功能的变化情况，同时阐明小胶质细胞与神经元和星形胶质等细胞之间的关联性，而通过调控TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB，JAK/STAT，Nrf2等信号通路都可以直接影响小胶质细胞极化水平。基于上述机制研究，本文列举了可作用于小胶质细胞的抗脑缺血有效中药成分或复方，以期为中医药干预脑缺血提供临床指导。

Abstract:

Microglia are recognized as the main cells mediating neuroinflammatory response, and their polarization into M1 or M2 phenotype is of great significance for improving the prognosis of ischemic stroke. After reviewing the literature on microglia in recent years, this paper summarized the changes in microglia polarization morphology as well as function at different time points after cerebral ischemia and elucidated the relationship between microglia and neurons, astrocytes, or other cells. Regulating TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB, JAK/STAT, Nrf2, and other signaling pathways can also directly affect the polarization level of microglia. Based on the above mechanism research results, this paper also enumerated effective Chinese medicine ingredients or compounds that can act on microglia which provide clinical guidance for traditional Chinese medical intervention on cerebral ischemia.