PPARγ调控高血压的分子机制及中药干预的研究进展

Research Progress on the Molecular Mechanism of PPARγ in Regulating Hypertension and the Intervention of Traditional Chinese Medicine

关键词:  高血压  PPARγ  中药

Key words:  Hypertension  PPARγ  Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘要:

高血压是一种复杂的慢性疾病,其发病涉及血管功能障碍、炎症反应和肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, RAAS)异常激活等多种病理生理过程。作为一种配体依赖性核转录因子,过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ(Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma, PPARγ)在心血管稳态维持中扮演核心角色,其多靶点调节潜力使其成为高血压防治的关键靶点。 PPARγ的激活可有效改善血管内皮功能,抑制氧化应激和炎症级联反应,并调节RAAS,从而对高血压的发生发展产生重要干预效应。传统中医药在高血压防治领域积累了丰富经验,众多中药成分已被证实能够通过调控PPARγ通路发挥降压作用。本综述旨在深入阐述PPARγ在高血压分子机制中的核心作用,系统梳理中药通过PPARγ通路干预高血压的最新研究进展,并重点探讨其对PPARγ关键转录共激活因子的影响,以期为高血压的防治提供新的理论依据与策略方向。

Abstract:

Hypertension is a complex chronic disease, with its onset involving multiple pathophysiological processes such as vascular dysfunction, inflammatory responses, and abnormal activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). As a ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) plays a core role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. Its multi-target regulatory potential makes it a key target for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. The activation of PPARγ can effectively improve vascular endothelial function, inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades, and regulate RAAS, thereby exerting significant intervention effects on the occurrence and development of hypertension. Traditional Chinese medicine has accumulated rich experience in the prevention and treatment of hypertension, and many active components of traditional Chinese medicine have been proven to exert antihypertensive effects by regulating the PPARγ pathway. This review aims to deeply elaborate on the core role of PPARγ in the molecular mechanism of hypertension, systematically summarize the latest research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in intervening hypertension through the PPARγ pathway, and focus on discussing its impact on key transcriptional coactivators of PPARγ, with the expectation of providing new theoretical basis and strategic directions for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.