代谢组学策略在中药治疗慢性肾脏病中的应用进展

Advances in the Application of Metabolomics in the Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease

关键词:  慢性肾脏病  方证代谢组学  功能代谢组学  中药  分子机制

Key words:  Chronic kidney disease  chinmedomics  functional metabolomics  traditional Chinese medicine  molecular mechanism

摘要:

慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease，CKD）是全球性公共卫生问题，预计2040年将成为全球第五大死因。当前CKD治疗面临特异性药物匮乏及终末期患者依赖肾脏替代治疗的困境。近年来，中药复方肾华片、黄葵胶囊等在CKD临床治疗中展现出确切疗效，但其多成分、多靶点、作用机制复杂且不明确的特性，制约了其进一步现代化发展。代谢组学（metabolomics）技术，特别是方证代谢组学、整合代谢组学与功能代谢组学等新型复合策略的出现，为系统解析中药物质基础、评价药效、深入阐明分子作用机制以及探索精准个体化治疗提供了强大的技术支撑和独特视角。因此，本文聚焦近年来代谢组学复合策略在阐释中药治疗不同类型CKD中的应用进展，旨在为临床实践和转化研究提供参考，推动中医药在CKD治疗中的现代化和科学化进程。

Abstract:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a global public health challenge and is projected to become the fifth leading cause of death worldwide by 2040. Current CKD treatment faces dual challenges: the scarcity of specific therapeutic agents and end-stage patients' reliance on renal replacement therapy. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds such as Shenhua Tablet and Huangkui Capsule have demonstrated clinically significant efficacy in CKD treatment. However, their modernization has been hindered by complex characteristics including multiple components, multi-target effects, and unclear mechanisms of action. The emergence of metabolomics technologies, particularly novel integrated strategies like chinmedomics, integrative metabolomics, and functional metabolomics, provides robust technical support and unique perspectives for systematically analyzing TCM material basis, evaluating pharmacological effects, elucidating molecular mechanisms, and exploring precision personalized medicine. This review focuses on recent advances in applying metabolomics-integrated strategies to elucidate TCM interventions for various CKD subtypes, aiming to provide references for clinical practice and translational research while promoting the modernization and scientific advancement of TCM in CKD treatment.