砷剂抗黑色素瘤作用机制及其纳米递送系统的研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Arsenical Agents Against Melanoma and Their Nanodelivery System

关键词:  砷剂  三氧化二砷  黑色素瘤  作用机制  纳米递送系统

Key words:  Arsenical agents  Arsenic trioxide  Melanoma  Mechanism  Nanodelivery System

摘要:

黑色素瘤是一种高度恶性且易转移的皮肤肿瘤，传统治疗方法疗效有限，亟需开发高效安全的新型治疗方案。砷剂作为传统中药，具有多途径、多靶点作用的抗肿瘤优势，本文对砷剂在黑色素瘤中的作用机制进行综述，其作用机制主要包括诱导细胞凋亡和铁死亡、调节肿瘤细胞自噬、抑制血管生成等，展现出良好的抗黑色素瘤潜力。然而，砷剂较快的肾脏清除速率及毒性问题，使其在临床应用中仍面临一定局限。纳米药物递送系统的发展使这些问题在一定程度上得到解决，从而提升砷剂在治疗黑色素瘤时的疗效并降低体内毒性。

Abstract:

Melanoma is a highly malignant and metastatic skin tumor, with traditional treatment methods showing limited efficacy. This highlights the urgent need for novel, effective, and safe therapeutic strategies. Arsenic compounds, derived from traditional Chinese medicine, offer anti-tumor advantages through multiple pathways and targets. This review explores the mechanisms by which arsenic compounds act in melanoma, primarily including the induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis, regulation of tumor cell autophagy, and inhibition of angiogenesis, all of which demonstrate significant anti-melanoma potential. However, the rapid renal clearance and inherent toxicity of arsenic compounds still pose challenges for their clinical application.The development of nanoparticle drug delivery systems has partially addressed these challenges, improving the therapeutic efficacy of arsenic compounds in melanoma treatment while reducing systemic toxicity.