芸香挥发油GC-MS分析及其生物活性研究

Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil of Ruta graveolens

关键词:  芸香  挥发油  气相色谱-质谱联用  抑菌活性  细胞增殖的抑制作用

Key words:  Ruta graveolens  essential oil  GC-MS  antimicrobial activity  inhibitory effect to cell proliferation

摘要:

目的 研究芸香挥发油的化学成分、抑菌活性和对HepG2细胞、NCI-H460细胞增殖的抑制作用。方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)提取挥发油，通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析芸香挥发油的化学成分，同时采用纸片法测定其抑菌活性和MTT法观察芸香挥发油对肝癌HepG2细胞和肺癌NCI-H460细胞增殖的抑制作用。结果 从芸香挥发油共鉴定出21种成分，主要为2-十一酮(46.15%)，其次是2-壬酮(27.01%)及2-十三醇乙酸酯(12.73%)；抗菌实验显示，芸香挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、乙型链球菌有较强的抑菌活性；对肝癌HepG2细胞和肺癌NCI-H460细胞的增殖也有抑制作用，48 h的作用强于24 h，IC₅₀分别为23.21 μg·mL^-1和21.87 μg·mL^-1。结论 芸香挥发油可作为一种潜在的天然抗菌和抗肿瘤药物的来源。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE The chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and inhibitory effect to cell proliferation of the essential oil from Ruta graveolens were studied. METHODS The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from Ruta graveolens was analysed by GC-MS. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against 9 micro-organisms using agar disc diffusion method. The inhibitory effect of the oil to cell proliferation was evaluated on HepG2 and NCI-H460 cell lines by MTT assay. RESULTS Twenty-one components were identified in the oil, and main compounds of the oil were 2-Undecanone (46.15%), 2-Nonanone (27.01%) and 2-Acetoxytridecane(12.73%). The oil presented a broad antimicrobial spectrum, and exerted strong bactericidal activity agains Staphylococcus aureus CCTCC 26001, Staphylococcus albus CCTCC 26101, Staphylococcus epidermidis CCTCC 26069 and β-hemolytic streptococcus CCTCC 32210. The data of MTT test indicated that the oil could exert an anti-tumor activity, especially more active for 48 h incubation than 24 h against two cancer cell lines. The IC₅₀ values of 23.21 μg·mL^-1 and 21.87 μg·mL^-1 were measured for HepG2 and NCI-H460 carcinoma cell lines, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the essential oil of Ruta graveolens could be one of potential medicinal resources for antibacterial and antitumor agents.