博落回本草考证及其鉴定研究

Study on Herbal Textual Research and Identification of Macleaya Cordata

关键词:  博落回  相似品种  本草考证  传统中药鉴定  rbcL分子标记

Key words:  Macleaya cordata  similar varieties  herbal authentication  identification of traditional Chinese medicine  rbcL barcoding analysis

摘要:

目的 开展博落回及其相似品种的中药鉴定研究。方法 通过查阅历代本草书籍和近现代文献资料，对博落回进行系统梳理与考证；采用传统中药鉴定、显微鉴定、理化鉴定以及分子鉴定等鉴别方法对博落回及其相似品种进行鉴定。结果 得到博落回本草考证资料；博落回与小果博落回以及其他相似品种的性状、显微、理化、分子特征均有一定区别；分子鉴定结果显示，博落回rbcL序列长度在600~603 bp，平均GC碱基含量在43.95%~44.28%；博落回与其他相似品种间的变异位点存在较大差异，其中与小果博落回的变异位点最少；博落回与其相似品种的种间遗传距离均大于其最大种内遗传距离；基于rbcL构建的NJ树可对博落回与其他相似品种进行有效区分；博落回与其相似品种在rbcL二级结构上存在显著差异。结论 构建了博落回与小果博落回以及其他相似品种的中药鉴定方法，为博落回的品种鉴定及后续中药资源开发提供实验基础。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To study on the identification of traditional Chinese medicine of Macleaya cordata(M. cordata) and its similar varieties. METHODS By consulting the ancient herbal books and modern literature, this paper systematically combs and studies the M. cordata. The morphological identification, microscopic identification, physiochemical identification, molecular identification were used to identify M. cordata and its similar varieties. RESULTS Obtained M. cordata herbal textual research data. There were some differences between M. cordata and Macleaya microcarpa(M. microcarpa) and other similar varieties in traits, microscopic, physicochemical and molecular characteristics. Molecular identification results showed that the length of the rbcL gene of M. cordata were 600 bp to 603 bp, with the average GC content ranging from 43.95% to 44.28%. There were significant differences in the variation sites between M. cordata and other similar varieties, and the variation sites with M. microcarpa were the least. The interspecific genetic distance between M. cordata and its similar varieties was greater than its maximum intraspecific genetic distance. NJ analysis results of rbcL could effectively distinguish M. cordata from other similar varieties accurately and quickly. There were significant differences in the secondary structure of rbcL between M. cordata and its similar varieties. CONCLUSION The traditional Chinese medicine identification methods of M. cordata, M. microcarpa and other similar varieties are constructed, which provides experimental basis for the variety identification of M. cordata and the subsequent development of traditional Chinese medicine resources.