阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼防治铂类化疗药所致恶心呕吐的有效性及安全性分析

Efficacy and Safety of Aprepitant Combing Tropisetron for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting

关键词:  阿瑞匹坦  托烷司琼  铂类化疗药  化学治疗  恶心  呕吐

Key words:  aprepitant  tropisetron  platinum-based chemotherapy  chemotherapy  nausea  vomiting

摘要:

目的 探讨阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼对铂类化疗药所致恶心、呕吐、食欲下降、体质量下降等的防治作用，并评估其安全性。方法 选取100名给予铂类化疗的鼻咽癌患者，将其随机分为实验组和对照组，各50例。2组均常规使用托烷司琼，其中实验组在化疗前1 h及化疗后第2，3天口服阿瑞匹坦。观察2组患者恶心、呕吐、食欲下降、乏力、体质量下降、腹泻、便秘、皮疹、过敏、手足综合征及神经毒性感觉等方面的异同。结果 在呕吐方面，对照组的防治有效率为44%(22例)，实验组的防治有效率为86%(43例)。对照组的体质量下降程度明显高于实验组(P<0.05)。2组患者在恶心、食欲下降、乏力、腹泻、便秘、皮疹、过敏、手足综合征及神经毒性感觉等方面差异无统计学意义。结论 阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼可安全、有效的防治铂类化疗药所致的呕吐，减轻鼻咽癌患者化疗期间的体质量下降，但对恶心及食欲下降等的防治作用不明显。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV), asthenia, lack of appetite, weight lose, after platinum-based chemotherapy. METHODS One hundred nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) patients applied platinum-based chemotherapy were selected and divided into experimental group and control group, 50 patients in each group. Both groups were given tropisetron and the experimental group were given aprepitant 1 h before chemotherapy on the second day and third day. The two group’s nausea and vomiting preventive effect, lack of appetite, asthenia, weight lose, diarrhea, constipation, skin rash, allergy, hand-foot syndrome and neurotoxic sense was compared. RESULTS The effective prevention rate of vomiting in control group was 44%(22 patients), and in experimental group it was 86%(22 patients). The experimental group’s vomiting preventive effect and weight lose were better than the control group(P<0.05). There was no obviously statistically significant for nausea, lack?of appetite, asthenia, diarrhea, constipation, skin rash, allergy, hand-foot syndrome and neurotoxic sense. CONCLUSION Aprepitant treating to NPC patients can be safely and effectively to prevent vomiting and weight lose, but has no effect on nausea and lack of appetite.