基于数据挖掘的中药治疗短暂性脑缺血用药规律分析

Analysis of the Rule of Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Transient Cerebral Ischemia(TIA) Based on Data Mining

关键词:  短暂性脑缺血  中药  用药规律  数据分析

Key words:  transient cerebral ischemia(TIA)  traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)  medication law  data analysis

摘要:

目的 探究中药复方治疗短暂性脑缺血（transient cerebral ischemia，TIA）的用药特点分析。方法 以中国知网、万方、维普作为数据来源，采用主题"短暂性脑缺血+临床"+全文"中药"进行高级检索，对1977-2019年与中医药治疗TIA相关的期刊文献进行筛选分类，筛选出相关中药复方或中成药制剂，将其药味录入Excel表数据库中，并采用SPSS Statistics 23.0、SPSS Modeler 14.1统计软件对数据进行分析。结果 在纳入的67首方剂中，共涉及125种中药，使用频次≥ 10的中药共19种，以川芎（38次，56.72%）、丹参（33次，49.25%）、当归（26次，38.81%）、红花（25次，37.31%）、黄芪（25次，37.31%）、天麻（25次，37.31%）最为常见；对用药频率≥ 2的中药进行统计，中药治疗TIA在用药类别上以采用活血化瘀药（174次，28.90%）、补虚药（135次，22.43%）、平肝息风药（74次，12.29%）居多；药性以"温（200次，33.50%）、平（157次，26.30%）"为主，五味以"甘（303次，32.41%）、苦（278次，29.73%）"较多；归经中归肝经（426次，29.20%）的中药较多。关联规则分析得到20个支持度较高的中药组合，因子分析得到6个公因子。系统聚类分析共得到6个聚类。结论 数据分析结果显示对于TIA的治疗，以活血化瘀药，补虚药，平肝息风类为主，清热药等为辅助，着重选择药性偏温，味甘并归肝经的中药，临床可着重考虑川芎、当归、丹参、红花、黄芪等中药的配伍使用。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristics of Chinese herbal compound in the treatment of transient cerebral ischemia(TIA). METHODS With CNKI, Wanfang date, VIP database as a sources, the subject of "transient cerebral ischemia+clinical" and the full text of "traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)" were used for advanced retrieval, and the periodical literatures related to the treatment of TIA with TCM from 1977 to 2019 were screened and classified, and the related TCM compound or Chinese medicine preparation were screened out, and the medicine taste was entered into the Excel table database, and the data were analyzed by SPSS Statistics 23.0 and SPSS Modeler 14.1 statistical software. RESULTS Among the 67 prescriptions included, 125 kinds of TCM were involved in total, and 19 kinds of TCM were used with frequency ≥ 10. Chuanxiong(38 times, 56.72%), salvia miltiorrhiza(33 times, 49.25%), angelica(26 times, 38.81%), safflower(25 times, 37.31%), astragalus membranaceus(25 times, 37.31%) and gastrodia elata(25 times, 37.31%) were the most common. According to the statistics of TCM with medication frequency ≥ 2, in the treatment of TIA, TCM for activating blood and removing blood stasis(174 times, 28.90%), tonifying deficiency(135 times, 22.43%), and soothing liver and wind polyps(74 times, 12.29%) were mostly used. The main drugs were "warm(200 times, 33.50%), flat(157 times, 26.30%)", and "gump(303 times, 32.41%), bitter(278 times, 29.73%)". There were many TCM in the middle liver meridian(426 times, 29.20%). A total of 20 TCM combinations with high support were obtained by association rule analysis, and 6 common factors and 6 cluster combinations were obtained by factor analysis and system clustering analysis. CONCLUSION The data analysis results shows that in the clinical treatment of TIA, drugs for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, tonifying deficiency, liver polyps and heat-clearing drugs are mainly used as auxiliary drugs, and TCM with mild property, sweet taste and liver meridian are mainly selected. The compatible use of TCM such as chuanxiong, angelica, salvia miltiorrhiza, safflower and astragalus are mainly considered.